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The members of the Board of Directors of the Federation of the Gulf Cooperation Council Chambers (FGCCC), at its fifty-second meeting (52) which was held recently in the Omani capital, Muscat, decided to appoint Dr. Saud bin Abdulaziz Al-Mishari as the Secretary-General of the Federation.

Dr. Al-Mishari is expected to handle many internal and external issues and special topics related to the Gulf economic development, the most important of which is the realization of the Gulf common market and the customs union.

 

Dr. Saud bin Abdulziz Al Mishari

Dr. Saud Al Mashari was the Secretary General of the Council of Saudi Chambers of Commerce & Industry. His previous positions at the council were Assistant Secretary General for Legal and Administrative Affairs, and Assistant Secretary General for Executive Affairs.

Dr. Saud Al Mashari is a Member of various Committees in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and International Legal Associations i.e. Member, International Court of Arbitration, International Chamber of Commerce (ICC), Paris, France. Chairman, Standing Committee for Arbitration Centres, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Member of the Board of Directors of the General Authority for Statistic (GaStat), Saudi Arabia. Member, Committee for Business Facilitation, Council of Economic and Development Affairs, Council of Ministers, Saudi Arabia. Member in the list of approved arbitrators at the Ministry of Justice-Saudi Arabia. Registered as a Member in the list of arbitrators and accredited experts at the GCC Arbitration Centre-Bahrain. Member of the Board of Directors of the National Centre for Palms & Dates (NCPD), Saudi Arabia. Member of the coordinating team with the United Nations Compensation Commission for Gulf War reparations (UNCC), Geneva-Switzerland. Member of the Board of Directors and Executive Committee of the International Chamber of Commerce – (ICC), Saudi Arabia. Member of High Grievances Committee, Ministry of Labor, Saudi Arabia Member of the Task Force Committee for Trade and Investment at the B20 business group of the G20 nations. Member of the International Bar Association-London. Member of American Society of International Law, Washington, DC. Member of the Board of Trustees of the Energy Sector Training Board (ESTB), Saudi Arabian Oil Company (Saudi Aramco), Saudi Arabia. Member of the National Commission for Environmental Protection, Saudi Arabia.

Prior to his current role, Dr. Al Mashari served as Assistant Professor of Law at The Institute of Public Administration in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, Director General - Legal Affairs Department and General Supervisor over Secretariat of the Board of Directors- The Supreme Commission for Tourism, Saudi Arabia. Legal Counsel at the Law Firm of Salah Al-Hejailan; In term Legal Counsel - Legal Department, Ministry of Petroleum and Mineral Resources Saudi Arabia and Legal Counsel – office of the General Counsel at Exxon Mobil Petroleum Company (Exxon Mobil), Fairfax, Virginia-USA.

He finished his Bachelor of Laws (LLB) degree at King Saud University, Riyadh-Saudi Arabia in 1990. Master’s of Law (LLM), the American University, Washington College of Law, Washington DC, USA in 1993. Doctor of Juridical Science (JSD), Washington University-St. Louis Missouri, USA in 1996. Government Contract Management Program at George Washington University, USA in 1998. Finished his High School Diploma at Riyadh Private Schools in 1985 and completed his primary school at West Hill Primary School, Dartford, Kent, United Kingdom.

Small-business victims were involved in 43 percent of data breaches over the course of a year, according to a recent report.

It was March 2, 2016, and Melissa Marchand’s day on Cape Cod started out like any other. She drove to her job at Hyannis Whale Watcher Cruises in her mid-size sedan, picked up a latte with 1 percent milk at her local coffee shop and sat down at her desk to check her email. Then, Marchand got the call no website manager ever wants to receive: The site was down, and no one knew how to fix it.

After she dialed up the web hosting provider, the news went from bad to worse: Whales.net had been hacked and, to her horror, all visitors were being redirected to porn sites. Google had even flagged the company’s search results, warning potential customers that the site may be hacked.

“It was a total nightmare -- I had no idea that something like this could happen,” Marchand said in an interview with Entrepreneur. “I’d say 75 to 80 percent of our bookings are done online, so when our site is down, we’re just dead in the water.”

At the provider’s suggestion, Marchand called SiteLock, a website security company, and granted its representatives site access. SiteLock discovered the hackers had exploited a security hole in a Wordpress plugin, which gave them the access they needed to redirect visitors to racy websites.

By the end of the work day, Marchand sat in her car in her gym’s parking lot, speaking on the phone with a SiteLock representative to review the plan of action. She finally felt like things were going to be OK.

Within three days, Whales.net was back up and running, though it took another three weeks for Google to remove the blacklist warning from the company’s search results.

The hack hit about a month before the whale-watching season began in mid-April, and though it wasn’t peak season, the company still missed out on pre-booking tour groups from schools and camps. Marchand estimated the attack lost the company about 10 percent of its March and April business.

A risk for small businesses everywhere

Small-business owners were victims in 43 percent of data breaches tracked between Nov. 1, 2017, and Oct. 31, 2018, according to a 2019 Verizon report. The report tracked security incidents across all industries, but the most vulnerable sectors this year were retail, accommodation and healthcare.

What does the issue look like on a national scale? If we take the sample size of infected sites SiteLock said they found in 2018 -- approximately 47,244 out of 6,056,969 checked -- and apply that percentage to the country’s estimated 30.2 million small-businesses websites, minus the estimated 36 percent that don’t have one, then we can loosely estimate the amount of infected small-business websites to be around 150,757.

As a small-business owner, you may not believe anyone would target your website, but that’s just it -- bad actors are likely not seeking out your site specifically, said Mark Risher, head of account security at Google.

“Sometimes, we talk about the distinction between targets of choice and targets of chance,” Risher said. “Targets of chance is when the attacker is just trying anything -- they’re walking through the parking lot seeing if any of the car doors unlocked. Target of choice is when they’ve zeroed in on that one shiny, flashy car, and that’s the one they want to break into -- and they’ll try the windows, the doors … the moon roof. I think for small businesses, there’s this temptation to assume, ‘No one would ever choose me; therefore I’ll just kind of skate by anonymously.’ But the problem is they’re not factoring in the degree of automation that attackers are using.”

Even the least-trafficked websites still average 62 attacks per day, according to SiteLock research. “These cybercriminals are really running businesses now,” said Neill Feather, president of the company. “With the increasing ease of automation of attacks, it’s just as lucrative to compromise a 1,000 small websites as it is to invest your time and try to compromise one large one.”

John Loveland, a cybersecurity head at Verizon and one of the data breach report’s authors, said that since the report was first published 12 years ago, he’s seen a definite uptick in attacks at small and medium-sized businesses.

As malware, phishing and other attacks have become “more commoditized and more readily accessible to lesser-skilled hackers,” he said, “you see the aperture open … for types of targets that could be valuable.”

So what are the hackers getting out of the deal? It’s not just about potentially lucrative customer information and transaction histories. There’s also the opportunity to weaponize your website’s reputation. By hosting malware on a formerly trustworthy website, a hacker can increase an attack’s spread -- and amplify the consequences -- by boosting the malware’s search engine optimization (SEO). They can infect site visitors who search for the site organically or who access it via links from newsletters, articles or other businesses, Risher said.

Even if you outsource aspects of your business -- say, time and expense reporting, human resources, customer data storage or financial transactions -- there’s still no guarantee that that information is safe when your own website is compromised. Loveland said he saw an uptick in email phishing specifically designed to capture user credentials for web-based email accounts, online CRM tools and other platforms -- and reports of credential compromise have increased 280 percent since 2016, according to an annual survey from software company Proofpoint.

How to protect yourself and your customers

How can small-business owners protect themselves -- and their customers? Since a great deal of cyberattacks can be attributed to automation, putting basic protections in place against phishing, malware and more can help your site stay off the path of least resistance.

Here are five ways to boost your small-business’s cybersecurity.

1. Use a password manager.

There’s an exhaustive amount of password advice floating around in the ether, but the most important is this, Risher said: Don’t reuse the same password on multiple sites. It’s a difficult rule to stick to for convenience’s sake -- especially since 86 percent of internet users report keeping track of their passwords via memorization -- but cybersecurity experts recommend password managers as efficient and secure workarounds. Free password manager options include LastPass, Myki and LogMeOnce.

2. Set up email account recovery methods to protect against phishing attacks.

Phishing attacks are an enduring cybersecurity problem for large and small businesses alike: 83 percent of respondents to Proofpoint’s annual phishing survey reported experiencing phishing attacks in 2018, an increase from 76 percent the year before. Embracing a more cyber-aware culture -- including staying vigilant about identifying potential phishing attacks, suspicious links and bogus senders -- is key to email safety.

If you’re a Gmail user, recent company research suggests that adding a recovery phone number to your account could block up to 100 percent of cyberattacks from automated bots, 99 percent of bulk phishing attacks and 66 percent of targeted attacks. It’s helpful because in the event of an unknown or suspicious sign-in, your phone will receive either an SMS code or an on-device prompt for verification. Without a recovery phone number, Google will rely on weaker challenges such as recalling last sign-in location -- and while that still stops most automated attacks, effectiveness against phishing drops to 10 percent.

3. Back up your data to protect against ransomware.

Ransomware -- a cyberattack in which a hacker holds your computer access and/or data for ransom -- has kicked off a “frenzy of cybercrime-related activities focused on small and medium businesses,” Loveland said.

In fact, it’s the second leading malware action variety in 2019, according to the Verizon report, and accounted for 24 percent of security incidents. Hackers generally view it as a potentially low-risk, high-reward option, so it’s important to have protections in place for such an attack -- namely, have your data backed up in its entirety so that you aren’t at the hacker’s mercy.

Tools such as Google Drive and Dropbox can help, as well as automatic backup programs such as Code42 (all charge a monthly fee). You can also purchase a high-storage external hard drive to back everything up yourself.

4. Enlist a dedicated DNS security tool to block suspicious sites.

Since computers can only communicate using numbers, the Domain Name System (DNS) is part of the internet’s foundation in that it acts as a “translator” between a domain name you enter and a resulting IP address. DNS wasn’t originally designed with top-level security in mind, so using a DNSSEC (DNS Security Extension) can help protect against suspicious websites and redirects resulting from malware, phishing attacks and more.

The tools verify the validity of a site multiple times during your domain lookup process. And though internet service providers generally provide some level of DNS security, experts say using a dedicated DNSSEC tool is more effective -- and free options include OpenDNS and Quad9 DNS. “[It’s] a low-cost, no-brainer move that can prevent folks from going to bad IP addresses,” Loveland said.

5. Consider signing up with a website security company.

Paying a monthly subscription to a website security company may not be ideal, but it could end up paying for itself in terms of lost business due to a site hack. Decreasing attack vulnerability means installing security patches and updates for all of your online tools as promptly as possible, which can be tough for a small-business owner’s schedule.

“It’s tempting for a small-business owner to say, ‘I’m pretty handy -- I can do this myself,’” Risher said. “But the reality is that even if you’re very technical, you might not be working around the clock, and … you’re taking on 24/7 maintenance and monitoring. It’s certainly money well spent to have a large organization doing this for you.”

source: entrepreneur

Although it can be the most time-consuming and all-encompassing job you've ever had, running a small business offers significant benefits.

If you’ve taken the entrepreneurial leap, you will know it’s not without challenges. Yes, it can be incredibly fulfilling to set your own agenda and make a genuine impact, but it can also fill you with self-doubt and cause many sleepless nights.

Globally, the top three challenges of running a small business are: cash flow, emotional and mental health, and time management

Let’s look at these challenges and how you can overcome them.

 

Challenge 1: Maintaining cash flow 
If you are an entrepreneur or small business owner, chances are you have worried about money. At least 59% of small business owners experience cash flow issues which have a significant financial impact. No matter how well your company is doing, the amount of cash you have in the bank will always be linked to your future success.

Just because your company looks solid on paper doesn’t mean it can’t take a turn for the worst if clients stop paying on time or your outgoings far outreach your income.

As a small business owner, you have to plan for things not to go as planned.

How to overcome cash flow concerns: It can’t be stressed enough that building up savings before starting a business is essential. Even once your company is up and running, try to save as much of your income as possible.

Consider setting up a separate account for this money. Your client relationships can also affect cash flow, therefore (1) make sure your payment terms and conditions are clearly defined and communicated to your clients from day one since it will cover you legally if a client refuses to pay, and (2) consider asking for a percentage of your fee up front to minimize risk.

 

Challenge 2: Sustaining your emotional well-being and mental health 
Outside of the cash flow impact that financial challenges can create, they also affect small business owners emotionally.

In fact, 56% of entrepreneurs claim financial issues have a significant impact on their emotional well-being.

It’s not just money worries that affect emotional and mental health either. As a leader, work could potentially consume every hour of your life. Keep in mind that CEOs of major multinational companies learn to set limits on their working time so they can maintain their health and relationships.

How to protect your emotional well-being: Having a leadership role is intense, and therefore your body needs to train just as athletes do.

Keeping your body healthy will help to keep your mind positive. In your downtime, prioritize these three things: (1) rest, (2) health, and (3) fitness

Top CEOs on average spend six hours per day awake and not working. Of this, about half is spent with family. The remaining half is divided into one-third exercising and two-thirds relaxing. Spending time in nature can also help.

Just two hours per week in some sort of green space can result in greater feelings of health and well-being. Even a 20-minute daily walk through a park can be enough to produce these positive feelings.

 

Challenge 3: Managing your time 
With entrepreneurship comes a constant pressure to achieve and grow the business. Not to mention the sheer number of things that need to be done.

Small business owners also often fear taking time away from the business, so will put holiday on hold– sometimes for years.

If you try to do everything yourself, you will never get it all done.

Too many hours working and a lack of time off brings on fatigue, and with it comes rash or poor decision-making. And your relationships, health, and life outside of work will also suffer.

It is essential to learn how to achieve a work/life balance and manage your time, so the most important things get done well.

How to achieve a work/life balance: Prioritize. This is critical. You must learn what matters to the business and make sure that’s done first.

After this, you need to delegate. Business owners often struggle with this because they fear a loss in quality. But keep in mind this sacrifice should only be temporary. There may be a slight quality dip while the team member gets up to speed, but if you’ve hired the right person it should recover quickly.

With effective time management of work in place, make sure to schedule time for yourself for thinking and learning. You are not expected to know everything about owning and running a small business, so you need to grow into your leadership role. ‘Thinking’ time is crucial.

Consider that Warren Buffett says: ‘I insist on a lot of time being spent, almost every day, to just sit and think.’

As the strategic leader of the company, you are the guide. Force yourself to spend significant stretches of time thinking, with no interruptions. Do this regularly. Put together questions to guide your thinking time so you use it efficiently.

You can even combine ideas and schedule your thinking and planning time when you’re outdoors in green space.

Other ideas for achieving a healthy work/life balance include:

  • Block time in your calendar for things that are important to you and/or your family.
  • Try setting an alarm on your phone to tell you it’s time for bed.
  • Don’t take your electronics to bed with you; keep your bedroom a place of calm and serenity to unwind at the end of the day.

Remember that sleep is so important to your daytime function– getting adequate, quality sleep will improve your concentration, productivity and cognitive function.

Although it can be the most time-consuming and all-encompassing job you’ve ever had, running a small business offers significant benefits. In fact, 97% of self-employed professionals say they would never return to traditional employment.

Take these ideas to make the great challenge of running a startup just a little more manageable.

 

source: entrepreneur

It's high time when the country should think more about incubators. Incubators will help start-ups save the operating costs and provide wider business ecosystem.

It's high time when the country should think more about incubators. Incubators will help start-ups save the operating costs and provide wider business ecosystem.

Incubation Trends for Startups To Expect In 202A startup incubator is a collaborative program that helps new startup to grow.

It aids entrepreneurs in solving discrepancies associated with running of startup. Globally, incubators have become a biome with an array of initiatives that motivate and back economic growth. However, talking about India, incubators are a recent phenomenon, which is sure to upswing in the coming days. In this article, we have tried to focus on some incubators trends for startups that we expect in 2020.
 
Startup incubators are generally non-profit organizations, which are usually run by both public and private entities. In India, there is a perilous scope for learning and civilizing our global position as a startup hub.  

According to the NASSCOM India Startup Ecosystem report, India has retained its position as the third-largest Startup Ecosystem in the world.

 More than 1,200 startups came up in 2018, including eight unicorns, taking the total number to 7,200 startups.  
 
This suggests that the numbers of startups are sure to augment in 2020 and incubators being the new tendency, startups need to espouse it.

Incubators actually need to be at the vanguard if India needs to push itself ahead as a global startup hub. That can be a help in improving the agriculture, food and climate businesses.
 


 Here are some incubators trends for startups that we expect in 2020:
 
 Use of AI-based technology skills
 

Artificial intelligence (AI) is the intelligence validated by machines, in contrast to the natural intelligence displayed by humans.

Use of AI startup incubator can progress business projects and deliver technological solutions to persistent problems of the startup industry.

It is sure to provide shape to the current shambolic landscape of startups and give solutions to section-oriented problems.

In 2020, the use of AI-based technology skills must be implemented in the country at large as they have a holistic approach.

The use of comprehensive 3D mentoring and dedicated network can make this incubator a chauffeur of AI innovation. The AI techniques will help the agrarian sector in improving the amenities.  


 
 Innovation-driven startups
 

The conception of innovation-driven startups is something which we assume to be absorbed in the coming days. These startups have the high growth potential that can bring new innovations with a clear viable advantage.

Like, an agri-business incubator plays an acute role in the development of the sector. It provides facilities, where startups can test their product samples before taking them to market.

The funding under government schemes through incubators helps the sector expand crop output, improve farm management and increase farmer incomes, just what IndiGram is doing.


Climate technology-oriented incubators support start-up organizations in a climate-responsive manner.

It generally offers business, marketing and technical services along with financial support by linking the entrepreneur to sources of finance and investment. Boosted provision of financing for climate technology entrepreneurship is desirable today. It has the potential to amplify and expedite the development, scale-up the market penetration of climate technology solutions.
 
 
Futuristic solutions for the current problem
 

 Incubators can provide subterranean solutions to the problems of startups. In the coming days, incubators may provide much-needed sustenance and push to build a solid foundation for the entrepreneur industry.

There are many challenges of startup industry that need to be addressed. Incubators can solve some of the complications commonly associated with running a startup by providing workspace, seed funding, mentoring, and training.

Incubators can deliver the vital seed for the industry to propel with standing solutions. For example, food industry is facing copious challenges these days. And, all of us know food industry is constantly evolving. Food incubators can help startups breed by providing them with capital investment, well-furnished commercial kitchen spaces, access to networking classes, packaging and distribution support.
 
 
Ethical training for upcoming startups
 

 The ethical issues in business need to be engrossed. The startup industry should work with demeanor based on integrity. That will develop trust and increase diversity of the industry. Empathetic decision-making and compliance must be the focus in 2020.

It is best to be aware of the turn-ons and to prevent the hiatuses from occurring that may be in agriculture, food and climate industry.
 
All the startups should focus on social and environmental impact
 

 The more the investors will emphasis on achieving affirmative social and environmental consequences, the more capital will be available to back startups.

That will provide a better conception. For sustainability of the industry, it is important to look after all the impacts. The effort should be eco-friendly and must be targeted at providing long term social influence.
 
 It's high time when the country should think more about incubators. Incubators will help start-ups save the operating costs and provide wider business ecosystem. It will help startups to grow at an early stage.

source: businessworld

The Seedstars World Competition 2019 in MENA has come to an end during the latest edition of Seedstars Summit MENA 2019 in Morocco that took place from December 10 to 12. More than just a tech conference, the Seedstars Summit MENA was an opportunity for more than 150 participants to create valuable connections and learn from each other.

The Summit was a long-awaited event for the startups selected during the local Seedstars World Competition in the region, as it’s the time when we announce the names of companies who will join the global Seedstars Summit 2020 in Switzerland and compete for 500,000 USD in equity investment.

Here is a list of all MENA startups to compete for the title of the Seedstars Global Winner in the global arena:

EButler, Qatar, an online platform that serves as a digital butler connecting people to the best service providers in the city.
Kenz, Palestine, a designer lingerie shop online that aims at becoming the premier destination for lingerie shopping in the Middle East.
Hayatech, Bahrain, a B2B, Software as a Service (SaaS) and connected hardware platform that aims to build an ecosystem around wellness.
Otaxi, Oman, a solution that integrates city transportation for users and driver-partners ina mobile platform, providing the easiest, straightforward, and snappy service satisfaction.
Hospitalia, Cairo, an integrated healthcare platform, which provides access to premium medical services any time and anywhere.
Quantum, Saudi Arabia, a data-driven targeted sampling platform, which aims to digitize the sampling industry and help make it more accurate.
Optiyol, Turkey, Optiyol helps freight and passenger transportation fleets with smarter route schedules that reduce costs and improve on-time performance

As part of a partnership between Qatar Business Incubation Center and Seedstars, Debito, a platform to manage credit in a traditional grocery, also joined the cohort of the winning startups and will head to the global Seedstars Summit in April. The startups selected as winners of ICT Accessibility prize Lazarillo and Talov will also compete for a 15,000 USD grant at the global event.

Prior to the main day of the Summit (December 10 and 11), an intensive Growth Bootcamp powered by the Seedstars Investment team aimed to teach the 20 startups how to integrate growth practices into their businesses took place. It was followed by the Investor Forum where participating startups had over 78 one-to-one meetings with top local and international mentors and investors.

On the Summit Day (December 12), the startups delivered one-minute pitches on the main stage in front of more than 150 hand-picked ecosystem builders, corporates, investors, startup enthusiasts representing some of the most prominent names of tech and entrepreneurship in MENA.

The Summit also featured speakers from global companies, business incubators and VC funds like Alisée deTonnac (CEO, Seedstars), Amal Dokhan (Director, Babson Global Center for Entrepreneurial Leadership), Adnane Addioui (President & Co-Founder of MCISE), Sophia El Bahja (Executive and Operations Director, Nobox Lab), Rami Helali (Co-Founder & CEO, KOTN), Saad Jittou (Co-Founder & CEO, Weego), Kenza Bounjou (Partner, Dentons), Tarik Fadli (CEO of Algo Consulting), and Neila Benzina (Founding Partner, Wimbee).

“We had an amazing time at the Seedstars MENA Summit in Casablanca when we had a chance to meet incredible people including investors, mentors, and entrepreneurs. Thank you, Seedstars, for bringing all of this together and we look forward to the global Seedstars Summit in April 2020.” Omar Ashour, CEO of EButler.

source: seedstars

 

According to an interview made recently by Seedstars, with Omar Christidis, CEO of Arabnet, the largest entrepreneurship networks in MENA, about the startup ecosystem in the region, get insights on how it has changed over the past 10 years, and discover what is unique about young founders in Arab countries. Hereafter the interview:

 

What do see as the major difference between the MENA region a decade ago and today?

When Arabnet launched 10 years ago, the ecosystem was at a nascent stage, so we had a different role to play: we were helping to build an industry from the ground up.

Our focus was on developing a platform for startups and investors to connect, engaging new corporates into the digitization sector, and connecting stakeholders across different markets to share insights and do business together.

The ecosystem has substantially grown since then. There’s been a tenfold increase of VCs in many markets, there are over a dozen $100M startups, there’s been an exit at over $1B which we would not have dreamed of before. Verticalization of the industry is another big one. In the past, the conversation was as an industry more broadly, whilst today there’s focus areas such as fintech, foodtech, adtech, etc.

Many governments across the region are prioritizing programs focused on growing the sector, such as Circular 331 in Lebanon, the Kuwait National Fund, and SME Authority in Saudi Arabia.

We have recently seen interest from big family offices and corporations in investing in startups, and have witnessed a good number of corporate venture capital arms and corporate accelerators and innovation programs.

What do you find unique about entrepreneurship in the region? Is there something that you see in the local founders/CEOs that you would not see in entrepreneurs, let’s say, from Europe or the U.S.?

The resilience of entrepreneurs working in the region. Entrepreneurs across the globe have a shared set of challenges in launching and growing their startup - like raising funding and finding talent and growing their customer base. In the MENA region, entrepreneurs face an additional set of challenges related to emerging markets: in some markets, entrepreneurs have to deal with weak infrastructure or face political instability, in other markets, lots of client education needs to be done. To top it all off, the MENA region is fragmented - with major regulatory differences and even cultural differences - which adds the challenge of scaling across borders in the region.

The competition in MENA is growing, thus it’s more difficult for startups to stand out and get the attention of investors, partners, funds, media, customers, etc. Based on your more than 10-year experience of work with startups, what do you think the most successful teams have in common?

Startups succeed and fail by the people that bring them to life. A startup can have all the potential in the world but can be hindered by its people.

For instance, although there’s nothing wrong with being a solopreneur, being a solopreneur adds additional challenges for the get-go. Startups with 2 or more founders are more likely to attract investors and take less time to grow and scale. The main reason behind this is because solopreneurs do not have someone to bounce ideas with or have diverse skills which you have in multiple founders.

Additionally, mid-career professionals are primed to launch startups that tackle the problems that they experience directly. These are people who are between the ages of 35 and 40 who have been working in the industry for 10 or 15 years. They understand the pain points of that specific industry, have the right connections, have built a reputation, knowledge, expertise, and experience. They are familiar with all the issues and they’re much better positioned to tackle that problem than anyone else.

You and your team managed to build one of the largest entrepreneurship networks in MENA. What’s the main aim of your annual event Arabnet Riyadh? What topics and issues will be highlighted this year?

Arabnet’s vision has always been to catalyze growth in the tech industry by being a platform for knowledge and connections - bringing together government policymakers, corporate leaders, and startups and investors to unlock emerging opportunities in the sector.

Arabnet Riyadh is the largest and most influential event for digital business and innovation in the Kingdom that brings together thousands of decision-makers and innovators to connect and learn. With the increasing importance of Saudi Arabia as an entrepreneurial hub, and with startup around the region flocking to expand into the Kingdom, Arabnet Riyadh is the ideal platform to engage with the region’s largest and fastest-growing digital market. It is the perfect platform to understand what it takes to enter the Saudi market, find the right partners or investors, and connect with potential customers.

What do you consider your core strength as an organization?

At our 10 year anniversary, we did a lot of soul searching and dreaming - about what our vision should be for the next decade of our business. In the process, we came to realize that our core strengths are our extensive knowledge in the tech industry, and our access to the largest and widest group of digital experts and decision-makers, and to opportunities.

As technology proliferated over the past 10 years, the sector transformed, and technology went from the IT department to the boardroom, where innovation and digitization strategies became a priority. To answer their needs, we launched our Insight division and Innovation Programs division and we’re focused on growing these two divisions during our upcoming phase.

Arabnet Insights is collaborating with clients to position them as thought leaders through publications and research. Our specialized content dives into disruptive technologies and startup trends, and provide guidance for decision-makers, with tools such as op-eds, whitepapers, reports, case studies, and more.

In Arabnet Innovation Programs, we collaborate with our partners to conceptualize and deliver tailor-made innovation activities, from hackathons and startup competitions to full-year incubation programs. With the rise of corporate interest in innovation and startups, we’re excited to help build new bridges and create new synergies- as we did when we started our business.

How do you envision the future of Arabnet and see your role in shaping the entrepreneurial landscape in MENA?

I see Arabnet becoming more engaged with policymakers in the region. We’ve developed strong relationships with government decision-makers who are focused on innovation and digitization, and we’ve been supporting with data and analysis, as well as advising and proposing solutions. We’ve also helping convene government leaders from across the region in our Digital Policy Forum, where they can share experiences and best practices for building a flourishing digital economy.

Lastly, my aspirations, as I believe is similar to many founders, is to build a strong, independent and sustainable institution, that continues to thrive after my departure, whether that’s in the next 5 years or the next 20. I believe Arabnet has been a positive influence in the region’s tech world over the past decade, and I hope that it will continue to spread knowledge, open up opportunities, and build relationships that lead to lasting impact.

source: seedstars

 

Present at Chambers' Day 2019, the Swiss Arab Entrepreneurs platform enjoyed an active participation, we present below a coverage of this first event of its kind in Geneva.

(Français) (عربي)

It is in front of the famous Geneva water jet, in the prestigious Kempinski hotel, that the first world day of the chambers of commerce was held, on November 26, 2019. Initiated by the Geneva Chamber of Commerce and Industry (CCIG), with which other joint chambers of commerce are associated such as the chamber of commerce France-Switzerland, Italy-Switzerland, UK-Switzerland and Switzerland-China. This day is a unique event. It brought together some 450 entrepreneurs, nearly 30 chambers of commerce and 20 speakers, renowned leaders from the private, public and international organizations such as the International Trade Center (ITC), the World Trade Organization (WTO) or the centenary International Chamber of Commerce (ICC), all based in Geneva.

It is indeed no coincidence that Chambers' Day chose Geneva: the headquarter of many institutions on the international economic scene and a numerous chambers of commerce, it is a real center of global economic multilateralism and the “Hub of chambers of commerce” according to the words of Vincent Subilia, director of the CCIG. It was the ideal place to bring together private and institutional economic actors within the same platform to facilitate exchange.

 

Exchange platform

Exchange is the key word for this day. A whole area was dedicated to it: the Village of Chambers, dedicated to provide information and to create contacts with chambers of commerce. Experts in their respective markets, and each having several hundred or even thousands of member companies, they offer a multiplier effect to networking for entrepreneurs who also came to do business at Chambers' Day.

In search of new leads, a dedicated application allowed them to schedule 15-minute interviews with the companies present. Also approached by several entrepreneurs, the Swiss Arab Entrepreneurs platform was able to initiate discussions with several operators located in particular in North Africa and the Middle East, such as the logistics company Aramex SA or the airline company Emirates.

Part of the day was also devoted to the presentation of specific markets. Representatives of binational, regional or international chambers of commerce were able to highlight the strengths of their markets and provide participants with insights into the investment and marketing prospects in around ten regions.

 

Emerging countries: markets to explore

In addition to France, Italy and UK, the program has given pride of place to emerging markets, with market pitches on China, Brazil and Eurasia. Under the title “The next growth frontier, Africa”, in which several countries are experiencing among the fastest growing economies in the world, was also in the spotlight. Director of the Swiss-African Business Circle (SABC), Michael Rheinegger highlighted trends on the continent: high level of exports to emerging countries, notable improvements in the framework conditions for trade and regional integration favored by the creation of the new free trade area of continental Africa (AfCFTA). As experts say, intra-regional trade between companies in emerging countries will shape international trade flows in the decades to come.

Alongside the SABC, we note the participation of the Africa-Switzerland Business Club as well as representatives of several joint chambers of commerce and indutrie such as the union of the Switzerland-Russia chambers of commerce and the Swiss-Hungarian Chamber of Commerce.

 

Tools to access international trade

Undoubtedly, they will have listened attentively to the intervention of Arancha Gonzalez, director of the International Trade Center (ITC), on the investment prospects in the globalized world of business, and above all, to regarding the support provided by ITC to the international competitiveness of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), in particular in emerging countries, such as in Palestine, of which it cited the example.

 

To this end, ITC has developed several market analysis tools forming one of the most extensive databases in the world, including information on more than 220 countries and 5,300 import-export products. These market tools provide essential information for entrepreneurs to identify business opportunities, monitor supply and demand trends and compare market access conditions. ITC is currently developing a global online portal (Global Trade Helpdesk) to provide all tariff data and non-tariff measures, market by market.

 

Chambers of commerce serving entrepreneurs

Supporting entrepreneurs, like ITC, is also at the heart of the mandate of chambers of commerce. Real partners and business facilitators, they offer a whole range of services to companies to connect them to new opportunities, both locally and internationally. They also help to make the voice of economic players, too small to influence public policies, even though they represent more than 95% of the entrepreneurial community and more than 60% of jobs in any economy. They thus promote the interests of the business community in the political sphere and defend the business-friendly framework conditions.

Grâce à la puissance de leurs réseaux, la diversité de leurs activités et services et l'expertise pointue de leurs marchés respectifs, la valeur ajoutée des chambres de commerce est indéniable. Les fédérer était l'un des objectifs que s'étaient donnés les organisateurs de la Chambers' Day. Voilà ce défi relevé.

Thanks to the power of their networks, the diversity of their activities and services and the cutting-edge expertise of their respective markets, the added value of chambers of commerce is undeniable. Federating them was one of the objectives that the organizers of the Chambers' Day had set for themselves. It is a worthy challenge.

 

(عربي)

Talal Abu-Ghazaleh Global (TAG.Global)

In an exclusive interview with the founder and Chairman of Talal Abu-Ghazaleh Global (TAG.Global), H.E.Mr. Talal Abu-Ghazaleh talks about the first Arab laptop and tablet

 

As part of the interviews conducted by the Swiss-Arab Entrepreneurs Platform with influential Arab and foreign economic figures, we interviewed Dr. Talal Abu-Ghazaleh, founder and Chairman of Talal Abu-Ghazaleh Global (TAG.Global).

In this interview, Dr. Talal Abu-Ghazaleh highlights the new computer that his group has produced completely. It reviews the origins of the dispute between America and China and the desire to find a new world order and reduce Chinese influence.

He then introduces a general principle of intellectual rights principles that allows any individual or country to inspire new ideas through existing products and develop them to register a new invention. Hence, he talked about China's economic renaissance and how China has used this principle to develop its own technology and excel the American Technology.

Regarding the Arab world, he considered there is no unified Arab economy or even a common Arab market because of the differences between the Arab countries and the weakness of the inter-exchanges among them, expressing regret of the lack of the economic integration among Arab countries and the lack of an effective role for Arabs at the international level.


Dr. Talal Abu-Ghazaleh also briefed us on the current important trends of economic growth, given the current industrial revolution based on cognitive technology. Knowledge is the real wealth. The human being is its pillar and its basic material.


Regarding the economic sectors that need investments, he said there is no need to waste time in the search for foreign investments, stressing the necessity of self-reliance, expressing his full support for entrepreneurship and creativity. He concluded by saying there is no limit to the creation of the human mind. A creative idea imagined by the mind can form the nucleus of a successful invention and tremendous wealth.

 

See the video

 

 

Talal Abu-Ghazaleh is the founder and chairman of Talal Abu-Ghazaleh Global (TAG.Global), a global group of companies providing professional services in accounting, management consulting, technology transfer, training, education, intellectual property, legal services, information technology, recruitment, translation, publishing and distribution. Besides being awarded the title of Arab Accounting Leader, he was recognized for promoting the importance of intellectual property in the Arab region.

He is also the author of several books. He recently published The Brave Knowledge World. It talks about the world of knowledge under the Fourth Industrial Revolution and the role of knowledge in economic development.

Talal Abu-Ghazaleh was born in Jaffa, Palestine on April 22, 1938. After 1948, he moved to the Lebanese village of Ghaziyeh, a quarter of an hour from the coastal city of Sidon in Lebanon. He received his primary and secondary education in Sidon and continued his university education at the American University of Beirut, where he received a full scholarship. When Dr. Talal Abu-Ghazaleh was still a university student, he worked as a teacher and translator. He got his first job after graduation in an audit firm. In 1969, upon hearing a speech on intellectual property at the Time-Warner Conference in San Francisco, Dr. Talal Abu-Ghazaleh decided to work on intellectual property rights and accounting.

In 1972, he established two companies, Talal Abu-Ghazaleh (TAGCO) and Abu-Ghazaleh Intellectual Property (AGIP). The first specialized in accounting. The second specialized in the field of intellectual property. Abu-Ghazaleh has 140 professional services companies specialized in diverse fields such as management, consulting, legal services, information technology and many others.


Over the years, Dr. Talal Abu-Ghazaleh has established close partnerships with international organizations such as the United Nations and the World Trade Organization and has been appointed to many international positions. 

 

We had this interview with HE Dr. Talal Abu-Ghazaleh

Founder, Mr. Ayman Abualkhair with HE.Dr. Talal Abu Ghazaleh in his headquarter in Amman - Jordan

 

SAE: Talal Abu-Ghazaleh is one of the most prominent economic figures in the Arab world and a pioneer of intellectual property in the world, if you would kindly give us a summary of your most important achievements.

Dr. Talal Abu-Ghazaleh: From about twenty years we have moved from the major institution in the Arab world to become global. For example, you have mentioned intellectual property, we are the largest intellectual property institution in the world, so our name is Tag Global, and we have over 110 offices around the world. We practice all activities; professional audit, consulting, training, capacity building, in all professional areas and this month we started a new activity, we started the production of technical tools, whether Tablets or laptops.

 

SAE: Actually, we read about this in the media if you can give us an explanation about the different products you produce?

Dr. Talal Abu-Ghazaleh: We feel that our region needs to be involved in the computer industry because there is no reason why the Arab world should not enter this industry; the Arab world deserves to have a computer industry as other countries.

We have made studies and experiments during a period of several years, until we produced a Tablet and the goal of producing it, in addition to that it is a multitask device, is to be a smart school bag. For the state, the cost of schools is very high (facilities, professors, students, books and the necessary equipment) while using this technology can save a lot through intelligent cognitive study.

In addition to this device, we have completed two laptops of our design and our own manufacturing, and we are not producing through another manufacturing institution. We produce and market, and we have our own brand, and we do not have a partner, our brand is TAG Tech (Talal Abu-Ghazaleh For Technology (TAGTech)) and is produced entirely by us. At first, we wanted something that reduces the cost, as our mission is to spread knowledge in the Arab world, and in the world in general. We wanted to offer a computer with a lower cost than any other company in the world, but at the same time, we wanted to honor our name as Talal Abu Ghazaleh Global, so we could maintain low cost but we maintained high quality to be competitive at the international level.

We have two devices with specifications higher than what exists in the market. I am talking about the major producers in the world. We have technologies with higher specifications than what exist in the world or in terms of price. The fact that the objective of this project is to serve the society, Talal Abu Ghazaleh Foundation, which is the arm of Talal Abu Ghazaleh Global, funded this project with the aim that its price becomes competitive and at the same time high quality, so do not believe me but believe the truth and look at the device and compare it. Our slogan is (compare and then decide). Compare our device with the best devices in the market, if you do not find it as the best then do not buy: And compare its price, if it’s not the cheapest one do not buy it. We have achieved the device with the highest specifications and almost half the price. This device will be in use soon. We will start from a certain area. It is the Arab region, but our goal is not only this region. Abu Ghazaleh Intellectual Property and many other activities are leading the world, I see no complexity or shame to say we want to become an international producer of information technology.

 

SAE: Thank you for this initiative, because the question really why the Arab world does not enter technical manufacturing in the field of computers, phones or tablets?

Dr. Talal Abu-Ghazaleh: All the Western and Eastern countries produce these technologies, is it forbidden for the Arabs alone to produce? Is there a decision to ban the production of equipment in the Arab world, and I say this, because this is the first Arab production from the private sector.

 

SAE: Regarding the competition, I heard your comparison between price and quality, we hope to see a presentation about the advantages of the device.

Dr. Talal Abu-Ghazaleh: we have the best device with the best quality and the most competitive price. Because our international name and reputation are all integrated. We are keen to produce high-quality devices to reflect our reputation as one of the largest accounting companies in the world and auditing, consulting and translation, we are the largest translation company in the world. We are the largest company in the provision of training programs, qualification and capacity building in the world. We are the largest company in the field of intellectual property, so we cannot produce a product that is not the highest level, our reputation is a very important issue. All our activities are under the name TAG so we can only be producers of the best device. Supported by Tag Foundation, we have been able to minimize the cost of production.

 

SAE: Thank you very much for this introduction about this invention, this Arab production in the field of computers and tablets for the first time. Abu-Ghazaleh is said to be the largest company in the world. Is it the largest company in intellectual property or accounting?

Dr. Talal Abu-Ghazaleh: It is the largest intellectual property company ever. In accounting, there is the Forum of Firms, under the umbrella of the International Federation of Certified Public Accountants (IFAC) in New York, it founded the Forum of Accounting Firms abbreviated to (FOF). It contains twenty companies, it is known under the G20, in which our company is a member, and we are the only one from the region. This Forum of Forms includes international companies that are committed to applying international accounting standards and principles, whether as standards or principles of transparency. The focus is on adherence to principles and transparency. Who applies these conditions joins this forum. We are a member since its establishment until now.

 

SAE: Regarding your personal career, what are the most difficult moments you have faced?

Dr. Talal Abu-Ghazaleh: For me, the most difficult moments are the sweetest moments. I believe that problems make success and that suffering is a blessing. When my colleagues come to me saying: we have a problem, I thank God for that. They say, director, we have a problem, I say I hear you completely. The problem means there is a solution, which means that there is success when you have a problem and you can find solutions and solve them. This is an opportunity, the problem is an opportunity and not only a problem.

I also talk about the global economy now and I have released a full report about the next global crisis, it explains this crisis and how it will end. I expect it will happen next year, i.e., 2020, it will end with the so-called (stagflation) or recession and high prices at the same time. This is a deadly and very bad recipe to have a recession with high prices. So, I pretend I am not inventing this thing or dreaming. I study and analyze phenomena and centers of studies in the world, especially in America talk about that. I say this crisis will force America to enter a war. This war is not with Iran. The importance of Iran comes from it being a supplier of China with oil. The problem is in my personal discretion, in preventing Iran from exporting oil, it’s not because of nuclear weapons. There are many countries in the world that have nuclear weapons, the problem is not the problem of a nuclear bomb. The problem is that America wants to put an end to the rise of China technically and economically and this is its right. If I am America, I cannot allow a country to outdo me. This is not my opinion, but I summarize what the research centers say.

America wants to sit down with China, but China is not willing to sit down to create a new world order, the United States of America, and this is its diligence and it may do so. It says that the current system developed after World War II in 1948 and the resulting Bretton Woods and all the other consequences is no longer valid. It wants to sit down with China to forge a new world order. China says it has no ambitions to control the world, politically, militarily, or administratively. Chinese adhere to the existing standards because it suits them. America and I repeat it has the right to do whatever it deems appropriate, says that we need a new order. Therefore, we see that all American decisions and I do not say Trump, Trump represents this important institution “America”, the issue is not a personal battle with Trump. There are centers for decision-making. The way decisions are presented varies from president to president, but decision-making is not the choice of the president. So, there is an American approach that we want a new world by all standards, for example, we do not accept attempts to depart from the dollar's control over global transactions, this is a very important and sensitive issue and there is no room for maneuver. And when Macron calls for new international currency, I think the anger on Macron is based on his declarations when he said it is time for a new world currency, this talk is not a music which suits the USA, never.

 

SAE: For the dollar, you mentioned a very important issue, which is linked to the Bretton Woods system, many economists talk about the petrodollars?

Dr. Talal Abu-Ghazaleh: There is no such thing as the petrodollar. This means that oil is sold in dollars. There is no dollar on which it is written “oil”. As the American proverb says, the US dollar is green and has no other colors.

Also, I laugh when it is said that oil prices are determined by supply and demand. For example, we note in a certain month that oil prices are falling by 50% and this happened really, and the price dropped to 20 dollars. Does the consumption of the world fall by 50% in one day or one month, and then rise once, these days oil prices rise on a daily basis. Is there a measure of supply and demand for oil?! Of course not. These are political decisions.

 

SAE: Is there a possibility for a particular entity to compete with the dollar?

Dr. Talal Abu-Ghazaleh: I do not disclose secrets. Today some countries started to deal bilaterally with their own currencies; this is not acceptable for the USA. In Bretton Woods, the dollar became the only currency to deal with, as a measurement currency and as a reserve currency. This is now under discussion. China and all the BRICS said, "The time has come". The World Bank is looking at other currency formats. There are a lot of transactions going on between countries. We went back to Barter's theory. This is a departure from the dollar's control of the world, and we must consider certain circumstances.

In my view, the issue is not only the uniqueness of America in the decision-making, America feels that the world we live in now no longer fits what was formulated 70 or 80 years ago. We know that wars end with meetings, negotiations and agreements. There is no local, regional or international war unless it ends with meetings to negotiate and take new decisions. That is what is required: a war to force America, Britain, China and Russia to sit at the negotiating table to find new solutions for the world.

 

SAE: Regarding IP, economists say that IP is being used as a weapon to undermine small businesses and prevent new competitors from entering.

Dr. Talal Abu-Ghazaleh: There are no big and small companies. I served on the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) system, which is responsible for intellectual property, and on the World Trade Organization (WTO) Council of Experts, to discuss intellectual property. Intellectual property systems and agreements are clear, there is no small or large.

There are laws that determine how to register your invention, how to protect your invention, how to file claims and procedures for those who infringe your invention. There is a new look at this subject led by America. America thinks this system is flawed, when I invented a mobile phone, for example, and you invent a better mobile,

As we are now making an IT device laptop or tablet better than the existing ones, this is an exploitation of the existing product, and is not a new invention. The WTO agreements in the TRIPS Council and the World Intellectual Property Organization, and intellectual property agreements in the whole world, say that any update on something that exists is a new invention, this is the current system.

Now there is an American point of view that says: when it put Apple products in China to delocalize the production, China took the technology of Apple and made a new invention. This invention is an infringement on the USA, though China has to pay compensation for that, this is a view I don't want to look into, because this is a conflict between big countries, and by the way, no one is talking about it. The dispute between China and the USA is, in my opinion, not about product taxes, customs or economic sanctions, but about this invention.

Because if you want to talk about the theft or aggression of American technologies by China you are talking, and I use these words from an American point of view, you are talking about not only billions, but trillions of dollars. We are talking about all fields and not just IT tools, for example, the Internet, is an American invention and in return there is a Chinese Internet. America considers this infringement of its rights from its point of view. From the Chinese point of view, intellectual property agreements say that any different invention or so-called innovation, with modernization, is a new invention and this is the biggest problem.

 

SAE: By the way, I read an economic book in which the Chinese economy is mentioned as a new paradigm, it has changed the Western economic model based on creativity, by relying on imitation and led to a new economic revolution.

Dr. Talal Abu-Ghazaleh: I feel this is the main problem, the rest is only details. Because in this world, in my opinion, power, domination and control over the world are the product of technology, and it is no longer the same as before, i.e., as a result of the economic, political and military power, this was before. The most important criterion now is not military power, but two things: technical power and economic power, and technical power is the one that leads to economic power. It can be summed up that technical superiority is the leadership of the world.

 

SAE: Regarding the Arab economy, what is your assessment of the Arab economy? There are strong factors of natural resources and population. How do you evaluate the Arab economies in general and what are the obstacles to the renaissance and economic development?

Dr. Talal Abu-Ghazaleh: The problem I say with pain, there is not a single Arab economy and there is no Arab economic integration. The Arab League, although having an important role, does not achieve economic integration, however it is a house for Arabs and represents a symbol of our Arab unity, but there is no such thing as the Arab economy. The Arab countries deal with foreign countries far more than they do with each other. Second, there is no similarity between the economy in any Gulf state, with Morocco, or with a country in the middle of the Arab world. The problem now is, according to a recent study, you will see in my report on the world economy that in 2030, the Chinese economy will become twice the size of the US economy, 2030 means tomorrow.

 

SAE: Actually the Chinese economy surpassed the US economy.

Dr. Talal Abu-Ghazaleh: But it will be twice the US economy and what will become the second economy? then India, then Indonesia. We are facing a changing world because the criteria for growth is not traditional standards that were in the past, now it depends on: first, the size of the population, and I wish we can say that the size of our population is such, because there is no relationship between the size of the population in any country with any other Arab country, while when we talk about Indonesia the size of its population or India the size of its population. In the world productive knowledge is per capita and therefore the size of the population is very important. And secondly that you can act by turning your country into a state technical knowledge that can compete with technology and this is a very important subject, because we still think that’s the power to attract investment. We invoke our time in calling for investment and bringing in foreign investments, while one invention, for example, Google is a computer application that does not require raw materials, investment, foreign capital, government capital or anything like that. We do not even know where it is located, it is worth about one trillion dollars, the size of the Arab economy.

 

SAE: Actually we cannot talk about a unified Arab economy, but because of language factors, you can talk about one Arab market, for example, your invention could target the Arab world as a single market?

Dr. Talal Abu-Ghazaleh: It is not possible to think of the Arab region as a single market, because every country has its own systems, borders, requirements, standard of living, own capabilities, there is no one country, we are not India. And even the Common Market Agreement, of course, a dream has not been achieved, let us start again, if we want to become one market and one force, we must start again and stop dreaming and say what we must do to become so.

 

SAE: Concerning the entrepreneurship, what is your point of view of the entrepreneurship in the Arab world? It is generally said that the future is not for jobs but for independent careers or entrepreneurship, what is do you think of this and what sectors can be worked on and developed?

Dr. Talal Abu-Ghazaleh: Entrepreneurs are part of the country's economy. For example, when Bill Gates succeeds, the entire US economy benefits, so I strongly support entrepreneurs, I was yesterday in a ceremony to honor the first students of the Tawjihi (High school) in Jordan. And I honored the outstanding students and I gave them honorary shields and discussed with them because they are the ones who can make the future.

 

SAE: Are there specific sectors you recommend to invest in?

Dr. Talal Abu-Ghazaleh: Never, any invention in the world, who can imagine that an invention such as a telephone will change the world?! I was, of course, involved in the development of information technology strategies when I was elected at the United Nations in 2001 as the head of United Nations’ IT team that developed the IT strategy of mobile phones, laptops, etc. Any innovation is an invention. If you invent a system to protect cyber security, it's an invention. And if you invent something in genetics, it is an invention, an innovation in robots is an invention. There are no limits for innovations. Entrepreneurs have infinite initiatives. They have a sea of ​​inventions to do. I have referred to this during my meeting with the students yesterday. I said you cannot imagine how many areas you have to invent, if you are an engineer you have areas for inventions in engineering by applying artificial intelligence, there are countless possibilities to invent. In this field there are more than 1000 projects and ways to develop the engineering system. I said a sentence and I want to conclude by it. All what the human mind can imagine as a dream or imagination is a reality waiting for the realization. Almighty when he created man, he makes his mind as the leadership of creativity. I mean, if you think that there is something to happen and it will happen, when we were thinking about making a plane that could fly, it was a joke, how could an iron object fly in the air? Science fiction in the past was for entertainment, but today it has become a fact. So, all that the human mind can imagine is a fact waiting for the realization.

 

 (English)

طلال ابو غزالة العالمية من الخدمات الى انتاج أول كمبيوتر عربي

في مقابلة حصرية مع مؤسس ورئيس المجموعة سعادة الاستاذ طلال أبوغزاله يحدثنا عن أول اختراع عربي في مجال المعلوماتية

 

في اطار المقابلات التي تجريها منصة رواد الأعمال العرب السويسريين مع الشخصيات الاقتصادية العربية والاجنبية المؤثرة، قمنا باجراء لقاء مع الدكتور طلال أبو غزالة مؤسس ورئيس طلال أبو غزالة العالمية.

في هذه المقابلة يسلط الدكتور طلال ابو غزالة الضوء على جهاز الحاسوب الجديد الذي تمكنت مجموعته من انتاجه بالكامل. وهو يستعرض اصول الخلاف القائم بين أمريكا والصين ...والرغبة في ايجاد نظام عالمي جديد والحد من النفوذ الصيني.

ثم ينتقل بنا الى التعريف بمبدأ عام من مباديء الملكية الفكرية بما يسمح لأي فرد أو دولة من استلهام افكارجديدة من خلال منتجات قائمة وتطويرها لتسجيل اختراع جديد، ومن هنا فقد حدثنا عن النهضة الاقتصادية الصينية وكيف تمكنت الصين من استخدام هذا المبدأ لتطوير التكنولوجيا الخاصة بها والتفوق على التقنية الامريكية.

وبخصوص العالم العربي، فقد اعتبر أنه لا وجود لاقتصاد عربي موحد ولا حتى سوق عربية مشتركة بالنظر الى التباينات بين الدول العربية وضعف التبادلات البينية فيما بينها، معربا عن أسفه من عدم الوصول الى التكامل الاقتصادي بين الدول العربية وعدم وجود دور فعال للعرب على المستوى الدولي.

كما قام الدكتور طلال ابو غزاله باطلاعنا على التوجهات الحالية الهامة للنمو الاقتصادي في ظل الثورة الصناعية الراهنة القائمة على التقنيات المعرفية...فالمعرفة هي الثروة الحقيقية....والانسان يشكل عمادها ومادتها الاساسية.

وبخصوص القطاعات الاقتصادية التي بحاجة للاستثمارات، قال بأنه لا حاجة لاضاعة الوقت في البحث عن الاستثمارات الاجنبية، وضرورة الاعتماد على الذات، معربا عن دعمه الكامل لريادة الأعمال والابداع، وختم بالقول أنه لا حدود لابداع العقل البشري، فأية فكرة ابداعية يتخيلها العقل يمكن أن تشكل نواة لاختراع ناجح وثروة هائلة.

 

شاهد الفيديو.

 

 طلال أبو غزالة هو المؤسس ورئيس طلال أبو غزالة العالمية، وهي مجموعة شركات عالمية تقدم الخدمات المهنية في مجالات المحاسبة والاستشارات الإدارية ونقل التكنولوجيا والتدريب والتعليم والملكية الفكرية والخدمات القانونية وتقنية المعلومات والتوظيف والترجمة والنشر والتوزيع. وبالإضافة إلى منحه لقب قائد المحاسبة العربية، تم الاعتراف بفضله في الترويج لأهمية الملكية الفكرية في المنطقة العربية.

كذلك يوجد له عدة مؤلفات حيث صدر له مؤخرا كتاب (العالم المعرفي المتوقد) (The Brave Knowledge World). يتحدث فيه عن عالم المعرفة في ظل الثورة الصناعية الرابعة ودور المعرفة في التنمية الاقتصادية.

ولد طلال أبو غزالة في يافا في فلسطين في 22 من أبريل عام 1938، ثم انتقل بعد النكبة الفلسطينية عام 1948 إلى قرية الغازية اللبنانية والتي تبعد ربع ساعة عن مدينة صيدا الساحلية. تلقّى تعليمه الابتدائي والثانوي في صيدا، ثم تابع تعليمه الجامعي في الجامعة الأمريكية في بيروت حيث حصل على منحة دراسية كاملة. عندما كان الدكتور طلال أبو غزالة لا يزال طالباً جامعياً، عمل كمعلم ومترجم. وحصل على أول عمل له بعد التخرج في شركة تدقيق حسابات. في عام 1969، قرر الدكتور طلال أبو غزالة لدى سماعه خطاباً حول الملكية الفكرية في مؤتمر تايم-وورنر في سان فرانسيسكو العمل في مجال حقوق الملكية الفكرية بالإضافة إلى المحاسبة.

قام في العام 1972 بإنشاء شركتين وهما شركة طلال أبو غزالة (تاغكو) وأبو غزالة للملكية الفكرية (أجيب)، حيث اختصت الأولى في مجال المحاسبة.... بينما اختصت الثانية في مجال الملكية الفكرية.... ومنذ ذلك الحين، أسس الدكتور طلال أبو غزالة ما مجموعه 140 شركة للخدمات المهنية المتخصصة في مجالات متنوعة مثل الإدارة والاستشارات والخدمات القانونية وتقنية المعلومات وغيرها الكثير.

نجح الدكتور طلال أبو غزالة على مر السنين في إنشاء شراكات وثيقة مع منظمات عالمية مثل منظمة الأمم المتحدة ومنظمة التجارة العالمية وعين في العديد من المناصب العالمية.

 

كان لنا هذه المقابلة مع سعادة الدكتور طلال ابو غزالة

 مؤسس المنصة، الاستاذ أيمن أبو الخير مع سعادة الاستاذ طلال أبو غزالة في مقره الرئيسي في عمان - الأردن

 

المنصة: طلال ابو غزالة يعتبر من أبرز الشخصيات الاقتصادية في العالم العربي وهو رائد الملكية الفكرية على مستوى العالم، فيا حبذى لو تكرمت باعطائنا نبذة عن أهم انجازاتكم

د. طلال ابو غزالة: من حوالي عشرين سنة انتقلنا من المؤسسة الكبرى في الوطن العربي لنصبح عالميا. مثلا ذكرت الملكية الفكرية، نحن اكبر مؤسسة للملكية الفكرية في الدنيا. لذلك اسمنا تاغ غلوبال.. تاغ العالمية.. ولدينا ما يزيد عن 110 مكتب منتشرة في العالم. ونمارس نشاطات كلها مهنية تدقيق حسابات استشارات تدريب بناء قدرات، في كل المجالات المهنية.

وهذا الشهر بدأنا نشاط جديد وهو نشاط انتاج ادوات التقنية سواءا تابلتس او لابتوبس.

 

المنصة: في الواقع قرأت عن هذا في الاعلان اذا ممكن تعطونا توضيح عن الاجهزة المختلفة التي تنتجونها؟

د. طلال ابو غزالة: نحن نشعر ان منطقتنا بحاجة الى أن تدخل صناعة الكمبيوتر، لانه لا يوجد سبب يمنع أن يكون هذا الوطن العربي، وانا رايت خارطتك عن الوطن العربي واهتمامك بالوطن العربي، يستحق الوطن العربي ان يكون لديه صناعة كمبيوتر كما للدول الاخرى ...صرنا ندرس ونجرب... خلال فترة عدة سنوات الى أن انتجنا تابلت (tablet) والهدف منها بالاضافة الى أنها جهاز لكل الاستعمالات هي تصلح لأن تكون الحقيبة الدراسية (Smart school bag).

تكاليف المدارس عالية جدا على الدولة... ان تفتح مدرسة وما يعنيه ذلك من تكاليف من منشات واساتذة وطلبة وكتب وما يلزم من تجهيزات... في حين أنه يمكن توفير الكثير باستخدام دراسة بتقنية المعلومات ... دراسة ذكية معرفية. بالاضافة الى هذا الجهاز انجزنا جهازي لابتوب من تصميمنا وتصنيعنا، نحن لسنا منتجين مع مؤسسة تصنيع، نحن ننتج ونسوق، والبراند (العلامة التجارية) خاص بنا ولا يوجد معنا شريك وهي تاغ تك (طلال ابو غزالة للتقنية) ويتم انتاجها بشكل كامل من قبلنا، الفرق الوحيد أننا اردنا في البداية شيء يخفف التكلفة من خلال رسالتنا لنشر المعرفة في الوطن العربي وفي العالم بشكل عام، بالتالي بدانا من منطلق كيف نوفر جهاز رخيص أو منافس في السعر، ولكن بالنظر الى أن اسمنا هو طلال ابو غزالة العالمية، وللحفاظ على الجودة لم يكن باستطاعتنا تنزيل جهاز الى السوق بمستوى اقل من أي مستوى كمبيوتر في العالم، من هنا اصبحنا امام محددين: التكلفة التنافسية واعلى مواصفات عالمية للجودة...اي جهازين بمواصفات أعلى من الموجود في الدنيا.. وانا اتكلم عن المنتجين الرئيسيين في العالم...نحن لدينا تقنيات بمواصفات أعلى من كل الموجود في الدنيا...اما من حيث السعر.. فكون أن هذا المشروع الهدف منه خدمة المجتمع قامت مؤسسة طلال أبو غزالة (Talal Abu Ghazaleh Foundation) والتي هي الذراع لطلال ابو غزالة العالمية لاعمال خدمة المجتمع بتمويل هذا المشروع وبهدف أن يصبح سعره منافسا، وفي نفس الوقت.. واقول لا تصدقونني.. ولكن صدقوا الحقيقة وانظروا الى الجهاز وقوموا بفحصه، قارنوا سعره .. ونحن وضعنا في شعاراتنا (قارن ثم قرر)... قارن هذا الجهاز مع احسن الاجهزة في السوق اذا لم يكن أفضل منها..لا تشتريه.. وقارن سعره، اذا لم يكن أرخص منها ...لا تشتريه... فنحن انجزنا جهاز بأعلى المواصفات .. وبتقريبا نصف السعر... سوف نبدأ من منطقة معينة... وهي المنطقة العربية ..ولكن هدفنا ليست هذه المنطقة فحسب، كما أن ابو غزالة للملكية الفكرية ونشاطات أخرى كثيرة نحن نقود العالم من خلالها، لا ارى أية عقدة أو خجل بأن أقول أننا نريد أن نصبح من المنتجين الدوليين لتقنية المعلومات ...ادوات تقنية المعلومات.

 

المنصة: نشكركم على هذه المبادرة لانه فعلا. السؤال هو لماذا لا يدخل العالم العربي التصنيع التقني في مجال الكمبيوتر أو التلفونات أو التابلت؟.

د. طلال ابو غزالة: كل الدنيا الدول الغربية والشرقية تنتج هذه التقنيات، هل هو ممنوع على العرب وحدهم أن ينتجوا؟ هل هناك قرار صادر ينص على منع انتاج الاجهزة، واقول هذا الكلام، لان هذا هو اول انتاج عربي من القطاع الخاص.

المنصة: بخصوص المنافسة، سمعت المقارنة التي اجريتها بين السعر والنوعية، نتمنى أن نرى عرض حول مزايا الجهاز؟.

 

د. طلال ابو غزالة: نقول نحن الافضل نوعا ومواصفاتا، والاكثر تنافسية سعرا. لان اسمنا الدولي وسمعتنا كلها مرتبطة مع بعضها البعض... ونحن حريصين على انتاج جهاز بمواصفات عالية يعكس سمعتنا كواحدة من اكبر شركات المحاسبة في الدنيا وتدقيق الحسابات والاستشارات والترجمة، ونحن اكبر شركة ترجمة في العالم.. نحن اكبر شركة في تقديم برامج التدريب والتأهيل وبناء القدرات في العالم... ونحن اكبر شركة في مجال الملكية الفكرية...لذلك لا نستطيع انتاج منتج ليس على اعلى مستوى، فسمعتنا هي مسألة غاية في الاهمية... وكل نشاطاتنا تنضوي تحت اسم تاغ (Tag)، لذلك لا نستطيع الا أن نكون منتجين للجهاز الأفضل... بدعم من تاغ فاونديشن (Tag foundation) استطعنا أن نجعل هذه التكلفة الارخص.

 

المنصة: نشكرك جزيل الشكر عن هذه المقدمة عن الاختراع والانتاج العربي في مجال اجهزة الكمبيوتر والتابلت لاول مرة من انتاج شركة أبو غزالة...يقال أن شركة ابو غزالة اكبر شركة في العالم...فهل هي اكبر شركة في الملكية الفكرية أم المحاسبة؟

د. طلال ابو غزالة: هي اكبر شركة في الملكية الفكرية على الاطلاق، في مجال المحاسبة، هناك ما يسمى فورم اوف فيرمز (Forum of Firms) تحت مظلة الاتحاد الدولي للمحاسبين القانونيين ifac (www.ifac.org) في نيويورك، هذا الاتحاد اسس ملتقى (Forum of Accounting Firms) ويختصر ب (FOF) وهو يحتوي على عشرين شركة هي ما يسمى لدى اهل المهنة بـ ج20 وشركتنا تعتبر عضوا فيها، ونحن الوحيدون من المنطقة.

هذا المنتدى (فورم اوف فيرمز) يضم الشركات العالمية التي تلتزم بتطبيق معايير ومباديء المحاسبة الدولية... سواءا كمعايير او مبادي الشفافية... التركيز هو على الالتزام بالمباديء والشفافية... من ينطبق عليه هذه الشروط ينضم الى هذا المنتدى... ونحن عضو فيه منذ تأسيسه وحتى الان.

 

المنصة: بخصوص مسيرتك الشخصية، ما هي اصعب اللحظات التي واجهتها؟

د. طلال ابو غزالة: بالنسبة لي أصعب اللحظات هي احلى اللحظات...انا اؤمن بأن المشاكل هي التي تصنع النجاح، وان المعاناة نعمة، وعندما يأتوني زملائي يقولون لدينا مشكلة، اقول الحمد لله على ذلك، فيقولون ايها المدير لدينا مشكلة، اقول اسمعك تماما، المشكلة تعني أن هناك حل، يعني أن هناك نجاحا، عندما يكون لديك مشكلة وتستطيع أن تجد لها الحلول وتنتصر عليها. هذه فرصة، فالمشكلة هي فرصة وليست هي مشكلة فقط.

كما اتكلم عن الاقتصاد العالمي الان. وانا اصدرت تقرير كامل يمكن أن ازودك به، عن الازمة العالمية القادمة. والتقرير يشرح كيفية وماهية هذه الازمة التي ستنتهي، وانا اتوقع أن يحصل هذا العام القادم 2020، ستنتهي بما يسمى (stagflation) (الرُّكود التضخُّميّ) أي كساد وغلاء اسعار في نفس الوقت. وهذه وصفة مميتة وسيئة جدا. أن يكون كساد مع ارتفاع في الاسعار. بالتالي انا ازعم وانا لست ابتدع هذا الامر ولا احلم، فأنا ادرس واحلل الظواهر، مراكز الدراسات في العالم وبالذات في امريكا تقول ان هذه الازمة ستفرض على امريكا أن تدخل في حرب. والحرب هذه ليست مع ايران، وجود ايران في المعادلة لأنها تأتي كمزود للصين بالنفط فقط. المشكلة في اجتهادي الشخصي، من حيث منع ايران من تصدير النفط هو ليس بسبب السلاح النووي، فنحن نعرف أن هناك العديد من الدول في العالم لديها السلاح النووي، المشكلة ليست مشكلة قنبلة ذرية أو نووية، المشكلة هي أن امريكا تريد ان تضع حدا لصعود الصين تقنيا واقتصاديا. وهذا حقها، لو كنت انا امريكا، لا يمكن أن أسمح لدولة ما أن تتفوق علي. تعالي يا صين لنجلس سويا، وهذا ليس رأيي ولكني ألخص ما تقوله مراكز الابحاث. امريكا تريد أن تجلس مع الصين، والصين ليست موافقة على الجلوس لوضع نظام عالمي جديد.

الولايات المتحدة الامريكية، وهذا اجتهادها وهي حرة في ذلك، تقول أن النظام الحالي الذي وضع بعد الحرب العالمية الثانية في العام 1948 وما نتج عنه من بريتن وودز وغيرها وما نتج عنها لاحقا لم يعد صالحا، فهي تريد الجلوس مع الصين لصياغة نظام عالمي جديد. الصين تقول انا ليس لدي طوح في السيطرة على العالم لا سياسيا ولا عسكريا ولا اداريا، أنا التزم بما هو موجود من معايير قائمة لأن ذلك يناسبها.

امريكا، وانا اكرر ان لها الحق أن تقوم بكل ما تراه مناسبا لها تقول اننا نحتاج الى نظام جديد. ولذلك نرى أن كل القرارات الامريكية، ولا اقول ترامب، فترامب يمثل المؤسسة الهامة أمريكا، فالمسألة ليست معركة شخصية مع ترامب. فهنالك مراكز لاتخاذ القرارات. طريقة اخراجها وتقديمها تختلف من رئيس الى اخر لكن صنع القرار ليس من صنع الرئيس. فبالتالي هناك توجه امريكي باننا نحن نريد عالم جديد بكل المعايير

ولا نقبل مثلا المحاولات للخروج عن سيطرة الدولار في التعاملات العالمية هذا موضوع مهم جدا وحساس ولا مجال فيه للمزاح، وعندما ينادي ماكرون، وانا اعتقد ان الغضب على ماكرون اساسه مقالته عندما قال حان الوقت لعملة عالمية جديدة، هذا الكلام ليس بالموسيقى بالنسبة لامريكا، بيس موسيقي ابدا.

 

المنصة: بالنسبة للدولار، ذكرت مسألة مهمة جدا، وهو مرتبط بنظام بريتون وودز، ويتم الحديث عن البترودولار؟

د. طلال ابو غزالة: لا يوجد شيء يسمى بترودولار وهذه من الأمور التي تضحكني، المقصود من هذا ان البترول يباع بالدولار، لا يوجد دولار مكتوبا عليه بترول، كما يقول الامريكيون (the color of money is green) فالدولار الامريكي لونه أخضر ولا يوجد عليه الوان اخرى. كذلك فانني اضحك عندما يقولوا بأن اسعار النفط يقررها العرض والطلب. مثلا نلاحظ في شهر معين بأن أسعار النفط تنخفض بنسبة 50% وحصل هذا الأمر وانخفض السعر الى 20 دولار، فهل استهاك العالم انخفض بنسبة 50% في يوم واحد أو بشهر واحد، ثم يرتفع مرة واحدة، هذه الأيام ترتفع اسعار النفط بشكل يومي. فهل هناك من يقوم بقياس العرض والطلب على النفط؟! طبعا لا، هذه قرارات سياسية.

 

المنصة: هل هناك امكانية قيام جهة معينة بمنافسة الدولار؟

د. طلال ابو غزالة: أنا لا افشي اسرار، هنالك تصاريح معلنة، بأن الدول بدأت تتعامل بشكل ثنائي بعملاتها (bilaterally)، وهذا غير مقبول امريكيا، لان هناك عملة واحدة وهذا ما تقرر في بريتون وودز ولا يجب أن ننسى أهمية بريطانيا في هذا الموضوع يعني تنازل بريطانيا عن الاسترليني في بريتون وودز ليصبح الدولار العملة الوحيدة للتعامل كعملة قياس وكعملة احتياط، هذا الان اصبح موضع نقاش، فالصين قالت وكل مجموعة بريكس (BRICS) قالت حان الوقت، كذلك البنك الدولي يبحث في صيغ لعملة أخرى هناك تعاملات كبيرة اصبحت تقوم بين الدول، رجعنا الى نظرية المقايضة (Barter) اي بنفس القيمة خذ مني واعطيك، فهذا هو خروج عن سيطرة الدولار على العالم، ويجب أن نراعي ظروف معينة، أنا في نظري أن الموضوع ليس فقط انفراد أمريكا في اتخاذ القرار، امريكا تشعر أن العالم الذي نعيش فيه الان لم يعد يصلح له ما صيغ قبل 70 أو 80 سنة. نحن نعلم أن الحروب تنتهي باجتماعات ومفاوضات واتفاقيات، لا يوجد حرب محلية ولا اقليمية ولا دولية، الا انتهت باجتماعات للتفاوض واتخاذ قرارات جديدة، فهذا هو المطلوب، المطلوب أن تحصل حرب لتجبر امريكا ومعها بريطانيا، والصين ومعها روسيا ليجلسوا على طاولة التفاوض لايجاد حلول جديدة للعالم.

 

المنصة: بخصوص الملكية الفكرية، يقول الاقتصاديون بان الملكية الفكرية تستخدم كسلاح للنيل من الشركات الصغيرة والحيلولة دون دخول منافسين جدد؟

د. طلال ابو غزالة: لا يوجد شركات كبيرة وصغيرة. انا خدمت على نظام المنظمة العالمية للملكية الفكرية التي تعتبر مسؤولة عن الملكية الفكرية وعلى مجلس خبراء المنظمة العالمية للتجارة، لبحث شؤون المليكة الفكرية. الملكية الفكرية هي انظمة واتفاقيات واضحة، لا يوجد فيها صغير أو كبير. فيها قوانين تحدد كيف تسجل اختراعك، كيف تحمي اختراعك، كيف ترفع دعاوى واجراءات لمن يتعدى على اختراعك. هنالك نظرة جديدة في هذا الموضوع تقودها امريكا، أمريكا تعتقد أن هذا النظام فيه خلل ما، عندما اخترع أنا موبايل على سبيل المثال، وانت تخترع موبايل افضل منه. كما نحن الان نصنع جهاز تقنية معلومات جهاز لابتوب او تابلت أحسن من الموجود. هذا يعتبر استغلال للمنتج الموجود، ولا يعتبر أختراع جديد. اتفاقيات المنظمة العالمية للتجارة في مجلس تريبس (TRIPS) والمنظمة العالمية للملكية الفكرية، واتفاقيات الملكية الفكرية في كل الدنيا تقول أن أي تحديث على شيء موجود هو اختراع جديد. هذا هو النظام الحالي. الان هناك وجهة نظر امريكية تقول أنني عندما وضعت منتجات أبل لديكم في الصين لصناعتها فأخذتم التقنية الموجودة في أبل وعملتم مخترع جديد، هذا المخترع هو تعدي علي ويتوجب عليكم دفع تعويضات على ذلك، هذه وجهة نظر لا أريد أن ابحث فيها، لأن هذا صراع بين الكبار، وبالمناسبة هذا الموضوع لا يتحدث فيه احد. الخلاف ين الصين وأمريكا بحسب رأيي ليس حول الضرائب على المنتجات ولا على الجمارك ولا العقوبات الاقتصادية، بل هو بشأن هذا الموضوع. لانك اذا اردت أن تتكلم على سرقة أو تعدي على تقنيات أمريكية من قبل الصين أنت تتكلم، وانا استعمل هذه الكلمات من وجهة نظر أمريكية، أنت تتكلم عن، ليس فقط مليارات، بل تريليونات. نحن نتحدث عن كل المجالات وليس فقط الادوات التقنية، في كل مجال،

مثلا الانترنت، هي اختراع امريكي وفي المقابل هناك انترنت صينية، أمريكا تعتبر هذا تعدي على حقوقها من وجهة نظرها. من وجهة نظر صينية اتفاقيات الملكية الفكرية تقول ان اي اختراع مختلف أو ما يمسى (innovation) ابتكار، فيه تحديث، هو اختراع جديد وهذه هي المشكلة الكبرى.

 

المنصة: بالمناسبة تعقيبا على هذا الموضوع، قرات في كتاب اقتصادي يذكر فيه الاقتصاد الصيني كنموذج جديد غير المعطيات الحالية بحيث أنه قلب النوذج الغربي القائم على الابداع، من خلال اعتماده على المحاكاة وادى الى احداث ثورة اقتصادية جديدة.

د. طلال ابو غزالة: في شعوري هذه هي المشكلة الرئيسية، والباقي كله تفاصيل لانه، وانا ازعم، القوة والهيمنة والسيطرة على العالم هي نتاج التقنية ولم تعد كما في السابق: الاقتصاد والقوة السياسية والعسكرية، هذا كان في السابق، وهكذا انهار الاتحاد السوفييتي رغم أنه كان متفوقا عسكريا ولكنه كان متخلف اقتصاديا، لم يعد هذا المعيار، المعيار الأهم الان اصبح ليس القوة العسكرية بل شيئين: القوة التقنية والقوة الاقتصادية، والقوة التقنية هي التي توصل الى القوة الاقتصادية، فيمكن اختصار الموضوع بأن التفوق التقني هو قيادة العالم.

 

المنصة: بخصوص الاقتصاد العربي ما هو تقييمك للاقتصاد العربي. هناك عوامل قوة من الموارد الطبيعية والسكان. كيف تقيم الاقتصادات العربية بشكل عام وما هي المعوقات للنهضة والتنمية الاقتصادية؟.

د. طلال ابو غزالة: المشكلة وأقولها بألم، ليس هناك اقتصاد عربي واحد وليس هناك اي تكامل اقتصادي عربي، لكي نكون صادقين مع انفسنا، الاوضاع العالمية والسياسية الاقليمية والمحلية فرضت علينا أن لا يكون هناك تكامل اقتصادي. بالتالي لا نستطيع ان نتكلم عن الدول العربية كوحدة. الجامعة العربية جامعة تدار بطريقة لا تحقق التكامل الاقتصادي. لها دور هام وأنا أعتز بها كبيت للعرب وكرمز لوحدتنا العربية، لكن لا يوجد شيء يسمى الاقتصاد العربي.

الدول العربية تتعامل مع الدول الاجنبية بشكل اكبر بكثير من تعاملها مع بعضها البعض. ثانيا لا يوجد تشابه لا بين الاقتصاد الموجود في اية دولة خليجية أو دولة في المغرب أو في دولة في وسط العالم العربي. المشكلة الان اصبحت، وفقا لدراسة حديثة، ستراها في تقريري عن الاقتصد العالمي، تقول بأنه في العام 2030، سيصبح الاقتصاد الصيني ضعف حجم الاقتصاد الأمريكي، 2030 يعني بكرة.

 

المنصة: فعليا الاقتصاد الصيني تجاوز الاقتصاد الأمريكي.

د. طلال ابو غزالة: لكن سيصبح الضعف. الاقتصاد الثاني حجما في العالم هو الهند، وبعدها اندونيسيا. نحن أمام عالم متغير لان معايير النمو فيه ليست المعايير التقليدية. الانتاجية الان تعتمد على: اولا، حجم السكان، ولا نستطيع القول أن حجم سكان العالم العربي كذا، لأنه ليس هناك علاقة بين حجم السكان في اي دولة مع أي دولة عربية أخرى، على العكس في كل من أندونيسيا أو الهند اللتان تتمتعان بحجم سكان كبير.

في عالم المعرفة الانتاجية هي للفرد وبالتالي حجم السكان مهم جدا. وثانيا أن تستطيع أن تتصرف بتحويل دولتك الى دولة معرفية تقنية تستطيع أن تنافس تكنولولجيا. وهذا موضوع مهم جدا، لاننا ما زلنا نظن بأن القوة في استجلاب استثمارات اجنبية، ونصرف وقتنا في الدعوة للاستثمار وجلب الاستثمارات الاجنبية في حين أن اختراع واحد، الذي هو برنامج (بروغرام)، مثلا غوغل ما هي الا تطبيق على الكمبيوتر لا يحتاج الى مواد أولية ولا استثمار ولا رأس مال أجنبي ولا رأس مال حكومي ولا أي شيء من هذا القبيل ولا يعرف أصلا اين هي. اصبحت قيمتها توازي تريليون دولار وهو حجم الاقتصاد العربي. فنظرتنا للتوجه الاقتصادي ما زالت بالمعايير التي اصبحت لا تنطبق في عصر المعرفة.

 

المنصة: اذا كان لا يمكن الحديث عن اقتصاد عربي موحد، نتيجة لعوامل اللغة، يمكن مثلا الحديث عن سوق عربي واحد، على سبيل المثال الاختراع الخاص بكم يمكن أن يستهدف العالم العربي كسوق واحد؟

د. طلال ابو غزالة: لا يمكن التفكير في المنطقة العربية كسوق واحد اطلاقا، لان كل دولة لها أنظمتها وحدودها ومتطلباتها ومستوى معيشتها ومستوى الغلاء فيها وقدراتها، فلا يوجد دولة واحدة، نحن لسنا الهند، وحتى اتفاقية السوق المشتركة طبعا اصبحت حلم لم يتحقق، فدعنا نبدأ من جديد، اذا نريد أن نصبح سوق واحدة وقوية واحدة يجب أن نبدأ من جديد ونتوقف عن الحلم ونقول ماذا يجب أن نعمل كي نصبح كذلك.

 

المنصة: بالنسبة لريادة الأعمال، ما هي نظرتك لريادة الأعمال في العالم العربي، ويقال بشكل عام بأن المستقبل هو ليس للوظائف ولكن للمهن المستقلة أو ريادة الأعمال، ما هي نظرتك لهذا الأمر وما هي القطاعات التي يمكن العمل عليها وتطويرها؟

د. طلال ابو غزالة: رواد الأعمال هم جزء من اقتصاد البلد. مثلا عندما ينجح بيل غيتس فان الاقتصاد الامريكي برمته يستفيد. لذلك انا اؤيد وأدعم بقوة رواد الأعمال. وقد كنت شاركت في احتفال لتكريم طلبة التوجيهي الأوائل في الاردن، وكرمتهم واعطيتهم الدروع التكريمية وجلست معهم وحاورتهم لانهم هم من يستطيع أن يصنع المستقبل.

 

المنصة: هل هناك قطاعات محددة تود أن يتم التوجه اليها؟

د. طلال ابو غزالة: ابدا، اي اختراع في الدنيا. من يمكن ان يتخيل أن اختراع مثل جهاز التلفون سيغير العالم. وأنا طبعا كنت في اساس وضع استراتيجيات تقنيات المعلومات عندما انتخبت في الامم المتحدة عام 2001 كرئيس لفريق تقنية المعلومات في الامم المتحدة الذي وضع اتسراتيجية تقنيات المعلومات من موبايلات ولابتوبس...الخ. أي تطوير هو أختراع. فلو تخترع نظام لحماية الأمن السبرالي هو اختراع. وان تخترع شيء في الجينيتكس هو اختراع. وتخترع اختراع في الروبوتس هو اختراع. الاختراعات لا حدود لها. والمبادرات توفر لمبادري الأعمال بحر من المجالات ليخترعوا. وقد اشرت الى هذا الأمر خلال لقائي مع الطلبة. قلت لا يمكن أن تتخيل كم مجال امامك للاختراع، اذا كنت مهندس لديك مجال للاختراعات في الهندسة. هناك تطبيقات في الذكاء الاصطناعي لا تحصى. في هذا المجال هناك اكثر من 1000 مشروع وطريقة لتطوير نظام الهندسة. وانا قلت جملة واريد أن اختم بها: كل ما يستطيع العقل البشري أن يتخيله... كحلم أو كخيال هو حقيقة تنتظر التطبيق. سبحانه وتعالى عندما خلق الانسان جعل عقله هو القيادة للابداع. يعني اذا أنا فكرت أن هنالك شيء يجب أن يحصل وممكن أن يحصل سيحصل. عندما كنا نفكر كيف يمكن للطائرة أن تطير كان الأمر نكتة. اذ كيف يمكن لجسم حديدي أن يطير في الهواء. كان الخيال العلمي في الماضي للتسلية فاصبح حقيقة. كل ما يستطيع العقل البشري أن يتخيله هو حقيقة تنتظر التطبيق!.

 

 

 

 

شهد العالم في السنوات القليلة الماضية نموا سريعاً في عملية التحول الرقمي تقوده الشركات الكبرى والحكومات إذ ان عملية التحول الرقمي لم تعد فقط سباقا نحو الريادة في تقديم الخدمات الأفضل للزبائن بل أضحت ضرورة في الكثير من الأحيان، ولم تكن منطقة الشرق الأوسط وشمال افريقيا استثناء من ذلك لاسيما في دول الخليج حيث اطلقت الحكومات الخليجية وغيرها من الحكومات العربية في المنطقة استراتيجياتها الخاصة لأحداث عملية التحول الرقمي وقد كان لقطاع التكنولوجيا الرقمية الحصة الأكبر من عملية التحول الرقمي لما يمتلك هذا القطاع من خصوصية تميزه عن غيره من القطاعات، وذلك لجهة ارتباط السوق المالية بالسوق العالمية وما يفرضه ذلك من مواكبة لأخر التطورات التكنولوجية في هذا القطاع. 

رافقت عمليات التحول الرقمي نمو غير مسبوق للشركات الناشئة المختصة في مجال التكنولوجيا المالية والتي تشمل خدمات المدفوعات والخدمات المصرفية والاستشارات المالية، وأسواق راس المال والتأمين، كما تسارعت وتيرة النمو في تنفيذ وتبني تطبيقات التكنولوجيا المالية عبر توظيف الذكاء الاصطناعي، والخدمات السحابية والبلوكتشين ليعاد بذلك رسم مشهد الخدمات المالية.

نقدم في هذا المقال عرضاً موجزاً لتقرير "مشاريع التكنولوجيا المالية في الشرق الأوسط وشمال افريقيا" الصادر عن مؤسسة ماغنيت (MAGNiTT) بالتعاون مع سوق أبو ظبي العالمي، عبر استعراضنا لمحاوره الرئيسية.

 

أولاً: اتجاهات الاستثمار في قطاع التكنولوجيا المالية

بلغت معدلات النمو السنوي في عدد شركات التكنولوجيا المالية الناشئة حوالي 39% منذ العام 2015 منها 51 شركة أطلقت في عام 2019، كما بلغت قيمة الاستثمارات في شركات التكنولوجيا المالية في منطقة الشرق الأوسط وشمال افريقيا منذ العام 2015 نحو 237 مليون دولار نفذت عبر 181 صفقة ليبلغ متوسط قيمة الصفقات ما بين عامي 2015 و2019 حوالي 1.8 مليون دولار، وبنسبة 7% من اجمالي التمويل للمشاريع الناشئة في المنطقة لنفس المدة.

ومقارنة بباقي القطاعات الرئيسية التي تنشط فيها الشركات الناشئة، ظلت المؤشرات تفيد بسيطرة قطاع التجارة الالكترونية على نشاط الشركات الناشئة وعلى كافة المستويات، وبالرغم من ان الحديث مازال صحيحاً عن سيطرة قطاع التجارة الالكترونية على مستوى الشركات الناشئة إلا انه من الصحيح أيضا ان هذا القطاع يشهد اشباعا في السوق لذلك بدءنا نرى في الآونة الأخيرة تزايد في عدد الصفقات وقيم التمويل في قطاعات أخرى واهمها قطاع التكنولوجيا المالية حيث تفوق هذا القطاع على قطاع التجارة الالكترونية وباقي القطاعات في عدد الصفقات المبرمة في منطقة الشرق الأوسط وشمال افريقيا في عامي 2018-2019 حتى تاريخه، ولكن ما تزال قيمة التمويلات لقطاع التكنولوجيا المالية منخفضة بالنظر الى ان الاستثمارات ماتزال في مراحلها المبكرة، أي اننا قد نرى في السنوات القليلة المقبلة تحول قطاع التكنولوجيا المالية الى مركز الصدارة بين القطاعات الاخرى ليس من حيث عدد الصفقات فحسب بل وبقيم التمويل أيضا.

 

بالأرقام بلغ عدد صفقات التكنولوجيا المالية من عام 2018 وحتى تاريخ اعداد التقرير 97 صفقة فيما جاء قطاع التجارة الالكترونية في المرتبة الثانية بـ 84 صفقة يليه قطاع التوصيل والنقل بـ 65.

اما من حيث التمويل فجاء قطاع التكنولوجيا المالية في المرتبة الرابعة بقيم تمويلي وصلت الى 74 مليون دولار فيما جاء قطاع التوصيل والنقل بـ 346 مليون دولار في المركز الأول يليه قطاع التجارة الالكترونية بـ 232 مليون دولار ثم في المركز الثالث قطاع العقارات بـ 223 مليون دولار.

 

ثانياً: محركات نمو قطاع التكنولوجيا المالية في الشرق الأوسط وشمال افريقيا

يرصد التقرير في هذا المحور اهم محركات النمو لقطاع التكنولوجيا المالية والتي يحددها بالآتي:

 

  • التركيبة السكانية للمستهلكين: وصلت اعداد السكان في منطقة الشرق الأوسط وشمال افريقيا لأكثر من 300 مليون حسب اخر الإحصاءات مما يجعل المنطقة سوقا ضخمة ومقصدا للشركات الناشئة لاسيما مع ارتفاع نصيب الفرد من الناتج المحلي الإجمالي في دول الخليج العربي والتي يصل فيها نصيب الفرد بالمتوسط الى 29.1 ألف دولار سنويا، وهو من بين الأعلى في العالم، بالإضافة الى تميز المنطقة بارتفاع نسبة الشباب في المجتمع إذ لا يتجاوز متوسط الاعمار في منطقة الشرق الأوسط وشمال افريقيا الـ 29 سنة.
  • انتشار الانترنت وخدمات الدفع الالكتروني: يبلغ معدل انتشار الانترنت حوالي 52% في منطقة الشرق الأوسط وشمال افريقيا وهي نسبة تفوق المعدل العالمي بحوالي الـ 10%، وفي دول مجلس التعاون الخليجي تصل النسبة الى 94% وهي من بين اعلى النسب لانتشار الانترنت في العالم، كما تصل نسبة انتشار حلول الدفع الالكترونية في دول مجلس التعاون الخليجي الى 76%.
  • توجه المستهلكين نحو التكنولوجيا المالية: يبدي ما نسبته 76% من الاماراتيين ثقتهم بشركة تكنولوجيا واحدة على الأقل أكثر من ثقتهم بالبنوك عندما يتعلق الامر بأموالهم فيما يبدي 83% منهم انفتاحهم على تبني حلول تكنولوجيا مالية من قبل مؤسسات غير مالية، وهي نسب تتفوق على العديد من بلدان العالم الأكثر تقدماً في مجال التكنولوجيا المالية والنظم المصرفي.
  • بيئات اختبار تنظيمية: أطلقت 8 حكومات في منطقة الشرق الأوسط وشمال افريقيا (دول مجلس التعاون الخليجي بالإضافة الى كل من الأردن ومصر) 9 بيئات اختبار تنظيمية لتطوير واعتماد حلول التكنولوجيا المالية حيث باتت التكنولوجيا المالية واحدة من الأولويات الرئيسية للعديد من الحكومات في المنطقة وذلك لغرض تعزيز تبني التكنولوجيا المالية والابتكار وتحفيز الاستثمارات الأجنبية.
  • صناديق ومسرعات التكنولوجيا المالية: أطلقت الحكومات في كل من الإمارات البحرين والسعودية ومصر صناديق تمويلية امام الشركات التكنولوجيا المالية الناشئة يصل راس مالها التراكمي الى 1.4 مليار دولار امريكي، كم تم انشاء 4 مسرعات وحاضنات حكومية لمشاريع التكنولوجيا المالية.
  • توفر رأس المال الخاص: شهدت اعداد المستثمرين في الشركات الناشئة نموا مطردا في السنوات الأخيرة إذ وصلت نسبة النمو ما بين عامي 2015 و2019 حتى تاريخه الى أكثر من 130% حيث بلغت اعداد المستثمرين الـ 163 مستثمرا في عام 2019 فيما تشكل نسبة المستثمرين في قطاع التكنولوجيا المالية اكثر من 22%، وتشكل نسبة المستثمرين المحليين الى اجمالي المستثمرين حوالي 86%.

 

ثالثاً: توزع مشاريع التكنولوجيا المالية في الشرق الأوسط وشمال افريقيا

يعتبر قطاع الدفع عبر الإنترنت والتحويلات أكبر قطاع فرعي في صناعة التكنولوجيا المالية من ناحية عدد الصفقات. وخلال عام 2019 وحتى تاريخه، كان 45% من إجمالي الصفقات هي صفقات في شركات ناشئة تعمل في خدمات الدفع والتحويلات في ظل تزايد اهتمام المستثمرين في هذا القطاع. ومع ذلك، استحوذت قطاعات إدارة الثروات وأسواق رأس المال والتمويل الشخصي على نسبة لا بأس بها من الصفقات حيث وصلت النسبة لقطاع إدارة الثروات الى 16% وفي قطاع أسواق راس المال الى 10%، في حين استُثمِرَت مبالغ كبير في قطاع تكنولوجيا التأمين، لا سيما خدمات مقارنة منتجات وعروض التأمين.

ومن بين القطاعات الفرعية كذلك قطاع تكنولوجيا البلوكتشين الذي بات أولوية رئيسية للحكومات، ولكن لم يستحوذ هذا القطاع على قدر كبير من الاستثما حيث لم يتعد حجم الاستثمار فيه الـ 8% الى اجمالي الاستثمارات في قطاع التكنولوجيا المالية.

 

نما عدد شركات التكنولوجيا المالية الناشئة في جميع أنحاء منطقة الشرق الأوسط وشمال إفريقيا بشكل سريع خلال السنوات الماضية، حيث ازداد عددها بوتيرة أسرع من غيرها من القطاعات. ومنذ عام 2012، شهد عدد شركات التكنولوجيا المالية الناشئة معدل نمو سنوي مركب بلغ 39%، حيث يوجد الآن في منطقة الشرق الأوسط وشمال أفريقيا ما مجموعه 310 شركة ناشئة نشطة في هذا المجال.

وفي هذا الصدد، تعتبر دولة الإمارات العربية المتحدة هي أكبر نقطة جذب لشركات التكنولوجيا المالية في منطقة الشرق الأوسط وشمال أفريقيا، حيث تستحوذ على 46% من إجمالي الشركات الناشئة في هذا القطاع، وكذلك على ما نسبته 47% من إجمالي الصفقات، و69% من إجمالي التمويل خلال عام 2019 وحتى تاريخه. كما يلحظ بروز متصاعد لمشاريع التكنولوجيا المالية في بلدان مثل البحرين ومصر والمملكة العربية السعودية، مع إطلاق العديد من المبادرات الخاصة والحكومية لتعزيز هذا القطاع.

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